First known discovery of coffee berries. Legend of goat herder Kaldi of Ethiopia who notices goats is friskier after eating red berries of a local shrub. Experiments with the berries himself and begins to feel happier. The coffee trees are cultivated on the Arabian Peninsula. Coffee is first roasted and boiled by Arabs making "qahwa" --- a beverage made from plants. The world's first coffee shop opens in Constantinople. It is followed by the establishment of two coffee houses in 1554.
The ingredients in coffee are water and the roasted seeds of the coffee plant, Coffea Arabica. The chemical constituents of coffee would be those compounds in the roasted coffee seeds that are soluble in boiling water. The following soluble compounds: trimethylphenol, ethylphenol, methoxy, ethylphenol, methylenephenol, dicaffeoyl, quinic acid, ethylphenol, methoxy, vinylphenol, acetaldehyde, caffeine, caffeol, caffeoyl, quinic acid, caffetannic acid, chlorogenic acid, citric acid, daturic acid, guaiacol, hypoxanthine, isochlorogenic acid, putrescine, scopoletin, spermidine, spermine, sugars, tannic acid, tannin, theobromine, theophylline, thiamin, trigonelline and xanthine.
Many of these compounds, like chlorogenic acids, will be destroyed by the roasting process, and many, will be oxidized to form new compounds not listed above. Most of these, like the phenolics at the top, are responsible for the aroma of the coffee, while others, like thexanthin derivatives give coffee its stimulant qualities. Coffee plants belong to the botanical genus Coffea in the family Rubiaceae, which has 500 genera and over 6,000 species. Although there is some disagreement, the number of species belonging to Coffea ranges from 25 to 100. Most commercial green coffee is either the C. Arabica or C. canephora species, which is referred to commercially as Arabica and Robusta, respectively. Coffea Arabica is an allotetraploid inbreeder (2n = 44). Forty to fifty cultivars (infraspecific taxa) are known, and are suspected to be derived from two cultivars of C. Arabica being var. arabica (including var. typica) and var. bourbon.
Many people take exception to neighbors cats using their garden or yard as a toilet, a mixture of used coffee grounds and & orange peel put round plants and in beds you want left alone will provide a pungent smell that cats do not like and so will find someone else's garden to use. To get rid of ants put used coffee grounds onto the ant hills, this will have to be done for each hill as the pesky things will move to another home. Kitchen drains tend to get smelly, simply get a cup of coffee grounds and tip down the plughole making sure you tip a kettle of boiling water down slowly & leave to work on the odors. For a quick fix on fabrics soak garment in strong black un-sugared coffee, this is an inexpensive way to dye clothes brown in an emergency but remember it will not be color fast. Coffee grounds can be used to clean any stain resistant surface; it has a mild & gentle abrasive element & smells fresh too, particularly good for smelly ashtrays and greasy surfaces.
To help plants to flourish add coffee to your soil, this is best done in small amounts of soil so you can add 1 cup of lime to balance acidity if need be, another way is to empty it straight onto your compost pile with other kitchen waste. - 16755
The ingredients in coffee are water and the roasted seeds of the coffee plant, Coffea Arabica. The chemical constituents of coffee would be those compounds in the roasted coffee seeds that are soluble in boiling water. The following soluble compounds: trimethylphenol, ethylphenol, methoxy, ethylphenol, methylenephenol, dicaffeoyl, quinic acid, ethylphenol, methoxy, vinylphenol, acetaldehyde, caffeine, caffeol, caffeoyl, quinic acid, caffetannic acid, chlorogenic acid, citric acid, daturic acid, guaiacol, hypoxanthine, isochlorogenic acid, putrescine, scopoletin, spermidine, spermine, sugars, tannic acid, tannin, theobromine, theophylline, thiamin, trigonelline and xanthine.
Many of these compounds, like chlorogenic acids, will be destroyed by the roasting process, and many, will be oxidized to form new compounds not listed above. Most of these, like the phenolics at the top, are responsible for the aroma of the coffee, while others, like thexanthin derivatives give coffee its stimulant qualities. Coffee plants belong to the botanical genus Coffea in the family Rubiaceae, which has 500 genera and over 6,000 species. Although there is some disagreement, the number of species belonging to Coffea ranges from 25 to 100. Most commercial green coffee is either the C. Arabica or C. canephora species, which is referred to commercially as Arabica and Robusta, respectively. Coffea Arabica is an allotetraploid inbreeder (2n = 44). Forty to fifty cultivars (infraspecific taxa) are known, and are suspected to be derived from two cultivars of C. Arabica being var. arabica (including var. typica) and var. bourbon.
Many people take exception to neighbors cats using their garden or yard as a toilet, a mixture of used coffee grounds and & orange peel put round plants and in beds you want left alone will provide a pungent smell that cats do not like and so will find someone else's garden to use. To get rid of ants put used coffee grounds onto the ant hills, this will have to be done for each hill as the pesky things will move to another home. Kitchen drains tend to get smelly, simply get a cup of coffee grounds and tip down the plughole making sure you tip a kettle of boiling water down slowly & leave to work on the odors. For a quick fix on fabrics soak garment in strong black un-sugared coffee, this is an inexpensive way to dye clothes brown in an emergency but remember it will not be color fast. Coffee grounds can be used to clean any stain resistant surface; it has a mild & gentle abrasive element & smells fresh too, particularly good for smelly ashtrays and greasy surfaces.
To help plants to flourish add coffee to your soil, this is best done in small amounts of soil so you can add 1 cup of lime to balance acidity if need be, another way is to empty it straight onto your compost pile with other kitchen waste. - 16755
About the Author:
John Purkis has come up with small Italian products like coffee, wooden products, jewelry products and so on to enable manufacturers to reach wider market. To know more about italiacoopere products visit the website http://www.italiacoopere.com and get more Italian products.
